Tu, J.; Saenz, M.; Bloom-Saldana, E.; Fueger, P. T.

Federal regulations require that appropriate analgesia be provided for laboratory animals for pain control. Carprofen and buprenorphine are two common analgesics used for laboratory mice (Mus musculus). However, given the potential gastrointestinal side effects that these analgesics have in various species, the impact of these analgesics on mice used in metabolic studies could be concerning. To investigate the impact of carprofen and sustained-release buprenorphine on food consumption, activity level, and whole-body metabolism, we administered carprofen alone or in combination with sustained-release buprenorphine to mice that underwent jugular vein and carotid artery catheterization, or a sham surgery. The mice were individually housed in instrumented metabolic cages to continuously quantify food consumption, activity levels, and energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. We hypothesized that catheterized mice receiving both carprofen and sustained-release buprenorphine would have decreased food consumption and increased activity level compared to mice that received sham surgery and carprofen, and catheterized mice treated with carprofen only would have similar food consumption and activity level as sham mice that received carprofen. Our results demonstrate that during the initial 12h after surgery, catheterized mice that received both carprofen and sustained-release buprenorphine were more active than sham mice that received carprofen, and were more active and consumed more food than catheterized mice that received carprofen only. Our study demonstrated how analgesia regimen can affect metabolic parameters. Therefore, researchers should carefully consider the effects that analgesic drugs can have on mice when designing metabolic or behavioral experiments.